Thursday, August 13, 2026

There’s a Test for That.



Over the last couple of weeks, WPP’s stock has risen considerably.

Its share price, which was down in the low-teens six months ago, is now in the mid-to-high twenties. Its market-cap, which had plummeted to about $3 billion from a high of about $16 billion has climbed to almost $6 billion.

Much of that rebounding comes after WPP’s latest earnings report which financial people regard as encouraging. Mind you, encouraging has as many shades to it as sewer water mixed with motor oil and a soupçon of PCBs. The encouragement here for WPP as reflected in their stock increases isn’t that they are winning business, increasing revenue or making money. It’s that they are decreasing revenue less quickly and losing money less slowly.

To quote the British journal “The Observer,” "The embattled advertising group appears to be easing its revenue slide.

Easing is revenue slide is not the same as making money. As written above, this boost in share price stems from many things one of which is “losing money less slowly.” To be a bit of a dick about it, if you took the words “easing its revenue slide” and ported that description over to someone with a severe drinking problem, you might be saying, “My embattled friend appears to be easing his alcohol dependency problem. He now has just twelve martinis a day, down from a high of sixteen.” Progress as it's reported here is relative. And no, not my relative.

Or as Mark Twain and or Benjamin Disraeli are said to have said, “There are lies, damn lies and statistics.” Or in the similarly astute words of a WWII German tank commander destroying more Soviet tanks than he was losing—but still unable to replace his losses, “We need to stop this blood-letting if we do not intend to win ourselves to death.”






Win ourselves to death.

There’s a lot of that going around.

I’m not a financial person. I have a good head for numbers and for a “creative” person an extraordinary sense of how business works, but I don’t read financial tables, SEC filings and the like. I seldom consider "diluted EPS,” "Adjusted operating cash flow pre WC,” or "Adjusted operating cash flow before working capital.”

I do like this boilerplate, however. 

And that WPP, though it’s about seventy-percent shrunk from its 2017 size, uses the word “growth” as a bludgeon. Which might be appended to their “cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements."








Years and years ago when advertising people still had a hand in running advertising agencies, I was forced to serve on a committee with Chris Wall on creating an HR-endorsed 360-review form that would serve as a basis for evaluating the value of creative people across Ogilvy.

As you might expect, there was a lot of hot air in that tea-kettle, none of it of any value. We were arguing about semantics and as usual missing much of the point. Does so-and-so “partner well,” or how can we evaluate how “collaborative” they are.

Finally Chris had had enough.

“Look,” he 6’10”-ed. “There’s one way to evaluate the worth of a creative person. It’s Friday night, the pitch is Monday. Do you want them here over the weekend?

You can do essentially the same thing with financial data—especially financial data as it pertains to holding companies and ad agencies.

You can ask salient, revealing questions.
Questions that numbers can’t obscure.

1. Do clients pay you the fees you ask for?
2. Do clients come back?
3. Do clients recommend you to other clients?

I could really give a rat’s ass about who’s up 2.3% YOY on an LFL basis. A lot of these numbers are, frankly, phonus balonus so someone can get his bonus.

For instance:
John Wren of Omnicom for instance had a 2025 salary of just $1. He wound up taking home $69,000,000 ($191,000/day or $400/minute) in part because he slashed billions in Omnicom salaries and Omnicom costs. Slashing those costs says nothing about Omnicom’s actual viability. But everything in how they choose to pay their top-most executives. Will $1,000,000,000 in cost reductions lead to a better holding company, or just a better pay day for one person?

Again,
1. Do clients pay you the fees you ask for?
2. Do clients come back?
3. Do clients recommend you to other clients?

Between plastic trophies, phony accolades and various Order of the British Empire citations, the ad industry has all sorts of ways to show off and reward a small portion of their people.

The bigger question is the simplest question.

Can you charge what you believe you’re worth for the services and products you provide and create?

If you can’t, you’re not really in business.



Wednesday, August 12, 2026

Two is the Loneliest Number.





It’s Sunday morning as I type this. 

Sparkle has been walked. 

She’s had an hour in the dog park with various canine friends. Especially Graham.

I’ve done two walks me-self.

One of two miles in the dog park.

Another of two miles along the beach.

It’s about 200 degrees out and I’m schvitzed.

I have two posts written for next week, and can’t relax until I get a third.

That’s the rule.

If I don’t have three going into the work-week, I’m behind the blogging eight-ball and all week long, I feel the pressure of being blog-arrears.

Much of my life has been demarcated in increments of three. You need three ads for a campaign. Three ads to show your boss. Three ads to make the next meeting. So you can get the work killed and do three more ads.

I’d guess, about twenty-percent of your time is spent coming up with the first ad. Ten-percent on the second. And very often seventy-percent of your energy finding a third.

It’s like running a marathon. Twenty-five-percent is the first mile. Fifty-percent is the last three miles. Twenty-five-percent is the twenty-two miles in the middle. 

While I’ve moved past the hardness of getting to three professionally, every once in a while like with this week and blogging you get stuck on two.

Despite going to all my idea sources, despite my willingness to electrocute my complacency, sometimes you get ossified. You’re stuck on two.

I’ve spent probably fifteen years of my almost sixty-nine stuck on two. If they’re the right two, you’re really ok. But you never know. And the rule of thumb is, you go for a third.

We all have techniques for fighting through two-ness.


Go out for a good chicken-and-broccoli at Wu’s. Take a walk around the block. Read the New Yorker, or at least the cartoons. Look at an old award’s annual. Talk to an old friend or partner and just shoot the shit. Even realizing that at almost sixty-nine, I have to look up broccoli every time I spell it lest I order chicken-and-brocolli. Even looking up broccoli can get you past complacency, if you do it right.

One of the tricks of the trade that you can learn only through rhino-grindstone-ism, is learning how to push through. Learning how to make a joke, or a rhyme, or to channel what’s keeping a customer from considering your offering and making an ad out of that. 

No one can teach that sort of thing to you.

I suppose it’s a little bit like being in the marines where you have to learn to take-apart and put-together your rifle blindfolded and in complete darkness. You have to get good at the things that help keep you alive. 

If you grew up driving in New York as I did, you develop a sense of how to skirt potholes, psychopathic and drunk drivers, psychopathic and sober cops and the occasional road hazard like a herd of rabid rats crossing the street or a homeless encampment in the center of Alexander Avenue as you’re trying to get onto the Deegan.

You learn these things as a copywriter too. The account people who say the client hates funny. And the account people who say the client wants funny. And the CCO who wouldn’t know funny is you strangled him with a Borscht Belt. Or even Borscht suspenders.

Sooner or later, you do what an in-distress nuclear reactor does. You undergo a “partial shutdown.” You block everything out and just work.

To date I’ve written about 7,500 posts in this space. At an average length of three-hundred words, that’s well-over two-million words. This week alone, I’ve written probably 7,500 ads. 

That’s what I do.

I take a shit load of information and try to coalesce it down to something startling, impactful, informative and memorable. 

Somehow we’re usually told to do three of those.

You’re much better off learning how to do three-million.


Tuesday, August 11, 2026

Be a Rube.


About 15 years ago when I went back to Ogilvy to help run the IBM account, I came to the realization that while a lot of people jabber on and on about technology, very few people understand what technology actually does or how it actually works.

Even fewer can actually explain it so it’s memorable and sexy.

I also realized that journalism had started doing a better job explaining processes and flows than advertising. Mostly because nobody any more in advertising was dug in on a single piece of business, so no one had the time to try to break things down and show potential customers how they work.

I realize the world was full of blather like the blather below. That might actually be unfair to blather. But the simple truth is that much of what’s explained is instead confuserated and everyone is too cowed to call bullshit on it. This sort of language is everywhere.

I can’t imagine it doesn’t depress sales.






About the time I rejoined Ogilvy, I ran across this article in the Times. 

I had read a book once called “Water for Gotham.” Basically it was about the importance of taking a long-view on infrastructure. It’s the story of how a smallish city with no potable water built a multi-trillion dollar system to bring fresh water from the Catskills to New York’s to quench what in time became 30 million tongues. 

I noticed the Times had told the story with six or seven cartoonish pictures and a few hundred words of copy. The New York water system is one of the most-complex infrastructures in the world. If it can be explained this simply, why can’t we do the same when we’re selling AI, or data migration, or Quantum, or whatever?













As the world has grown more complicated and the need for explanations more prominent, our ability to explain things has grown concomitantly more and more atrophied. 

True, I don’t need to know how an internal combustion engine works or how an electric engine works, but I might want to see some forensics on how these machines can help my business.

In fact the very term “horse power” grew out of such a seed. Almost three centuries ago, people had no understanding of a steam pump. To make it palpable scientists created a calculus—horse power—that explained the amount of work a machine could do in terms people understood. Terms they could also apply as a basis of comparison.

There’s no similar nomenclature of any current technologies. scam altman calls his AI ’super intelligence,’ which is about as meaningless as a holding company’s earning-reports. When new bombs are built we say “it has the power of twenty Hiroshima sized bombs.” That gives people an idea. Why don’t we in tech say something is an MIT7, that is, it has the computing power of seven times Dr. Horchner’s advanced physics lab.

We also fail to explain process.

We fail to say, for instance, that a cancer doctor might look in his lifetime at 5000 MRI scans of cancerous cells in a lymph node. An advanced AI system will have been trained on five-million MRI scans. From a volume point of view alone, that can lead to insight and acuity. It allows the AI system to say “that looks off.” It can then summon a human to double-check the system’s work.

If you’re routing a delivery truck through a city grid and there are twelve turns, that’s a relatively simple job. But by the time you have two-hundred trucks in fifty cities making a thousand deliveries each, the possible decisions number in the trillions. That’s what our AI does. Figures out the shortest distance and the fewest number of turns.

On my Kindle, which is about the size of an old TV Guide, I can carry around with me about 2000 books. About one-third the size of Thomas Jefferson’s library, which was the seed of the largest library in the world, the Library of Congress.

One of the books I have on my Kindle is this one. I recommend it to everyone. 


Goldberg’s work is funny.

It’s memorable.

It explains how things work.

We might consider that.








BTW, when I rejoined Ogilvy and IBM, I started keeping a list of articles that took complicated things and explained them simply and memorably. People always kept list of directors and photographers they liked. Why not do the same with data scientists?


Each page of my list has about seven urls on it. The list is 35 pages long. It helps me. 

It can help you.



Monday, August 10, 2026

Damn You.


As we head into the midterm elections, I can’t help but thinking there is too much lee-way in the world.

Without getting into politics, there are somethings that are just wrong. 

Wrong enough so you should be excluded from “people-facing” roles for ever.

A senatorial candidate with a Nazi tattoo. OUT.

A designer who said he loved Hitler and told Jewish women that they should have been gassed. OUT.

Brands that send millions in advertising dollars to television networks that propagate birtherism, election-denialism, and climate-denialism. OUT.

A man accused of rape between 16 and 40 times. OUT.

An athlete taking performance-enhancing drugs. OUT.

Similarly an athlete betting on the games he plays. OUT.

A cop beating someone. OUT.

Eating at a lunch counter for whites only. OUT

Certain things are wrong.

Not wrong and excused.

Wrong and wrong and wrong.

Like no coming back from wrong.

Irredeemable wrong.

No rationale wrong.

This wrong:


I’m vehement this way, “stiff-necked” in Old Testament parlance, because a lot of these horrors involve Jewish hate and embrace of Hitlerism, or some conflation of Israel to Nazi Germany.

This wrong:



But all over the world, and all over the political spectrum, we are giving second chances, and third chances, and 29th chances to people who give being reprobate a bad name.

If you misplace the car-keys or forget to take out the garbage, you get a second chance.

If you support the nazis, the confederacy or rape or sex-trafficking you don’t.

Life, I’m sorry, should be that binary.

It should be that simple.

Some things are just wrong.

And demand eternal damnation.


Friday, August 7, 2026

Hit By Pitch.

I was batting fifth which is my favorite place to bat. You don’t have the pressure on you that the third batter has, in this case Danilo Garibay, who was in spitting distance of a .300 season, and already, with more than twenty games left, had knocked in over one-hundred runs. You also don’t have the weight of batting clean-up like Salome Rojas had. Salome, Hector said, often shaking his head at another of Salome’s “cool-breeze” strike-outs, had “muscles on top of his muscles and a brain to match.” 

Salome could hit the ball from here to Tenochtitlan but struck out  three times for every long ball, or six. No, I was batting five. High enough up in the order to come to bat with men on—at crucial moments, so I could try to knock them home, but still, where I liked it (and still do) in the shadow of bigger names and louder voices.


It was a steamy hot day in Villahermosa, Tabasco, a nearly below sea-level Cincinnati-sized city within tobacco-juice distance from the turbid bay of Campeche. Villahermosa was surrounded by mosquito wetlands and smelled of thick-sulfer air from the oil refineries that spoiled everything but the wallets of a dozen rich Gringos and the few dark men they allowed around them. 



It was here, against the slow, old and fat Olmecas, that I would be batting fifth, fighting for my dignity against fastballs and sandflies and more often than not that long short season, losing badly.

Batting fifth against a young left-hander named Iturbe or Yturbe or even eTurbe. Every time you saw his name in print it had a different spelling like the birth-years of so many ballplayers whose parents never wrote things down in a world where paperwork meant you were rolling your own cigarettes.

Yturbe was tall and thin and had arrived in Villahermosa not too many weeks ago and was turning the league on its ear with a fastball that couldn’t be seen—but its whiz through the humid air could be heard like an angry cicada grinding its ill-fitting teeth.

Many pitchers are found like this. Long thin boys with long thin arms who, in the parlance of the day could throw a pork chop past a hungry wolf. Many pitchers are found like this. But their managers, thinking more of their success than their pitcher having a long career, would work their young arms into rag-dolls. They wouldn’t care if they threw every three days, 13 innings one game, eleven two days later, and a full nine four days hence. 


Edna St. Vincent Millay wrote a poem about this, First Fig, not about baseball but about living life with the tachometer fully into the redline.

My candle burns at both ends;
   It will not last the night;
But ah, my foes, and oh, my friends—
   It gives a lovely light!

With those lithe limbs, they were out to win ballgames now, not worry about next year and some young pitcher who next year might be somewhere else playing with a different name, or might be burning trash in a field somewhere, planting something because planting anything paid better even than playing ball.

Yturbe was on that twilight. Throwing pills past our boys, myself included. The Olmecas left the lights off in the stadium dimming everything as the night darkened making a hard-to-see Yturbe even harder to see. 

He had taken us down without so much as a scratch through four innings, only one walk to Diablo, but nothing hard by us, not even one that curved foul. The top of the fifth came and the game seemed over already. The Olmecas had scratched three off of one of the Madranos and then the other Madrano replaced the first Madrano and they struck for two more against him.

So we were down five zip and were being no hit and had one out already when I came up in the top of the fifth. Yturbe whizzed one by me. A fastball more a sight-gag than a pitch and I didn’t even have the wherewithal to wave at it.

I heard Hector and Sisto from the bench. 

“He’s no so fast, Jorge. Swat a good one.”

Most of what you hear from the bench when you’re down five zip is a lie and you know it. He was so fast and I wasn’t about to swat a good one. I could hope for a mistake, but Yturbe wasn’t making any.

But.

But I didn’t want to whiff. But I wanted to shake Yturbe. Do something to his composure like a fly does to you when you swallow it at a picnic. I wanted to get under his dark brown skin and chase him back to the tilted dust village he came from.



When his second pitch came in, it was tight and I turned my left elbow right into it, absorbing the horsehide in the thick of my forearm back from the time when my forearms still had muscles tiered like a Manhattan high-rise. The ball was deadened by my wing and landed thud at my spikes. The umpire pointed me to first and I stooped to grab the ball and side-armed it with malice to Yturbe with a medium-curse, something that would show I was pissed—without starting a fight.

The whole thing was an act, really. A calculus. It was my bad—I could have escaped the path of the ball, but I wanted to start something. I wanted to see if my being hit could start the boys hitting.

I didn’t even rub my arm, a “your-best-didn’t-even-sting” gesture. I “you-bastarded” him as I trotted down to first and yelled to our bench, a little too loud, “he is not so fast. There is nothing to be afraid of.” I refused to wince as I’ve refused so often in life.

Bustamante, big strong Bustamante who’s batting average was returning to earth after having been up in the high threes swatted a double, bringing me in, because down five-zero I was running on the pitch. Buentello went to the opposite field, a scorching grounder down the first base line that stopped in short right field because the grass hadn’t been cut. That brought Bustamante in, 5-2. Diablo bunted, a nice crafty one down toward third. Their catcher wanted to get Buentello advancing but bobbled the ball and with one-down Buentello was on third and Diablo on first.

Perez-Abreu pinch hit for Madrano, and though usually light-hitting, he lashed a sharp liner to the center-right gap. Buentello in, standing up, Diablo on third, Perez-Abreu on first. Then Cesar, then Adame, then Garibay, singles all. Like a cracked penny- arcade baseball game with a stout metal bat smacking a slow metal ball. We had tied the score at five. 

Rojas, batting for the second time in the inning, tried to clear the bases, but too eager, the ball popped up not out and two were down. My turn at the plate against a rattled Yturbe came inside, angry at me for starting this off. Inside was my power and I turned my hips like a stripper and doubled down the chalk, the ball bouncing in the corner like it was avoiding “it” in a game of tag.


Bustamante popped out after that, leaving me stranded on second, but no matter. We were up 7-5 and after Dr. Jesus Verduzco, our back-up short stop and third-year medical student sprayed my forearm with some instant freeze spray, I was back at third for the remainder of the darkening evening.

We won going away, 8-5.

In the bus that night, driving from one sad stadium in one sad gang-raped Mexican city to the next, through the dust and the dirt and the headache and the lonely and the nostos-algia (literally sickness for home like Odysseus had) Hector grabbed an old Hillerich and Bradsby and bounced an old horseshide off its business end. He bounced a baseball off a bat on a bouncing bus like he had a ping-pong paddle.


I have tried the same and when the earth is still, I can bounce into the mid twenties. Hector routinely gets to one-fifty or one-seventy-five on a bouncing bus, a feat I’ve never seen anyone anywhere duplicate, or even come close.

“I know boys like Yturbe,” Hector reveried. “This season he will earn fourteen wins and lose just six. There will be talk of him being sold to Cleveland or Houston, or some city that is always short a long arm.

"Next year, Yturbe will be stronger and craftier, he will win nineteen and lose only five. The talk of him going North will increase in volume. But those who have seen the movie before, see something. They see that after almost three-hundred soup-kitchen innings, his arm will lose its strength. He will, on guile alone go twelve wins and lose nine. But very few have craft and guile at twenty. 

"Then when he hits twenty-one, he will be through. He will win four and lose fourteen. One more season like that, and at twenty-two, he will be wiping an old terry cloth rag across the polished wood surface of a sticky bar in a still stickier city. And he will hope for a tips and drinks hardly touched.”

“Tonight, we could not hit him,” I murmured.

“We could not hit him, until we could. Until we realized all of us are hit. We get hit early. We get hit late. We get hit in the head. And hit below the waist. We get hit and bruised and bruised and hit. We have, all of us in common, just one thing. A surfeit of hit. So to survive we, in turn, hit too.”

“Yturbe hit me tonight. And bruised me too.”

“You bruised him redder, bluer, darker.” Hector kept richocheting the hard-ball off the bat. 121, 122, 130. “You bruised him redder, bluer, darker. But what bruises the most is the using up. The team, the owners, the managers treating his arm like a seam of wealth in the mountains, used by the Spanish. Something to be mined and stripped naked and rubbed raw. Removed. Ruined. Raped." 140, 146.

I looked at my left forearm, even in the starless night, I could see the bruise growing angrier. I rubbed at it, feeling the heat and enjoying the pain.

Hector through the dark saw me communing with my newest wound.

“A wound you can see is much less hurt than the wounds you can’t. A wound you can see is a reminder.”

He caught the bouncing ball in his free hand.

“A wound you can see is a reminder that the one best at hitting is many times the one least afraid to be hit. The one who is hit so much he is not afraid any more of being hit. That is sometimes how you learn to hit. From wounds you can see.

I looked at the bruise. It was radiating like a storm on a TV weather map.

We drove on through the dark. Gordo our third-string catcher and first-string bus-driver grinding gears like an insomniac’s teeth at night.

We drove on through the dark.

So dark we could no longer see the stars or their pinpricks of light.

Only in the ink of eternity we could see the dark where the light used to be.








Thursday, August 6, 2026

Wow Writing.

I read this last week in The Economist:

If you care about passé things like art, literature, craft, beauty and wit, this would be a hard article to ignore. 

Also if you’re from New York and you love it as so many New Yorkers do. Even if they’ve re-locaterized two-hours north to the Gingham Coast, where an outfit of Lilly Pulitzer is considered resolutely OG.

Then if you make it to the first paragraph, you’ll find yourself practically compelled to download some Whitehead and start reading while you still have a head. (IMHO heads are on the endangered species list.)

I’m old enough so that I’m still impressed by hoary awards like the Pulitzer Prize. They haven’t awarded one to tump yet for pecuniary concerns, so in my mind, it still carries some weight. What’s more “the most fun to read,” is just what I needed on my night-stand, the world what it is and given the lugubrious tenor of my usual reading.


I picked up and, quickly, read the first of Whitehead’s “three-part love letter to New York.” I will soon read parts two and three.

Most men, and it is usually men, put Raymond Chandler on the highest echelon of the noir-pantheon. While Hammett is a better writer, Chandler can turn a phrase like no one I ever read, including Billy Shakespeare and everything that’s ever been said, Billy said first and best.

Here are just five from Chandler, maybe not his best. But still pretty good shells from the oyster tower of life:
“The French have a phrase for it. The bastards have a phrase for everything and they are always right. To say goodbye is to die a little.”
“I needed a drink, I needed a lot of life insurance, I needed a vacation, I needed a home in the country. What I had was a coat, a hat and a gun. I put them on and went out of the room.”  
“I'm an occasional drinker, the kind of guy who goes out for a beer and wakes up in Singapore with a full beard.”  
“If I had a razor, I'd cut your throat - just to see what ran out of it."
"There was a desert wind blowing that night. It was one of those hot dry Santa Anas that come down through the mountain passes and curl your hair and make your nerves jump and your skin itch. On nights like that every booze party ends in a fight. Meek little wives feel the edge of the carving knife and study their husbands' necks. Anything can happen. You can even get a full glass of beer at a cocktail lounge."  
I opened Harlem Shuffle two Tuesdays ago and read this—a quotation alone on the page even before its first chapter.


OK, I said. I’m somewhere special. 
That feeling increased as I read on:

















(See Hammett’s line from The Maltese Falcon:
“The cheaper the crook, the gaudier the patter.”)




















Before long—certainly before the end of the year—I’ll read books two and three. Until then, I’ll leave you with this photographic archive from a recent Times’ article.
2.

3.


A black-and-white photo of a man wearing glasses and a pinstriped vest and pants, drawing on an easel next to a woman with short hair, posing seated. Several people stand nearby in the background, and in the foreground there’s a white poster that reads “I’LL DRAW YOUR PORTRAIT FOR ONLY $2.50.”

In 1974, a local portrait artist sells his talents from the sidewalk of 125th between Seventh and Eighth, close to where the protagonist Ray Carney owns a furniture store in Colson Whitehead’s novel “Crook Manifesto.”Credit...Don Hogan Charles/The New York Times

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Account

The Setting of Colson Whitehead’s ‘Crook Manifesto,’ in Archives

A selection of photos from The New York Times of Harlem in the 1970s.

By Erica Ackerberg

July 21, 2023

ImageA black-and-white photo of the first three floors of three residential buildings, taken from across the street. There are fire escapes on the facades of all three. The heads of two men appear in the foreground.

Two men across the street from rehabilitated five-story tenement buildings on 114th Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues, not far from the Canaan Baptist Church, where a movie scene is filmed in the novel.Credit...Tyrone Dukes/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of men wearings jackets and hats standing on a sidewalk in front of a store whose awning is falling apart. A sign above the store reads “7UP CANDY SHOE SHINE SODA.” A trash can and a leaking fire hydrant are in the foreground.

A rainy day on 118th Street and Lenox Avenue, 1974. In Whitehead’s novel, an arsonist sets a fateful fire a few blocks west, at 118th Street and Morningside Avenue.Credit...Neal Boenzi/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of two men standing in front of the back of a truck with the door open. Inside are hanging sausages, aluminum cans and other packaged food items. Buckets of sweet potatoes are by their feet.

A soul food truck on Amsterdam and 125th Street, 1971.Credit...Librado Romero/The New York Times

Image

Perusing the shelves at the National Memorial African Bookstore on Seventh Avenue near 125th Street in 1970. (The store closed in 1974.)Credit...Carl T. Gossett/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of a sidewalk stand bearing wigs for sale, on mannequin heads. People sit and stand outside a store called “Chock full o’ Nuts” to the left of the frame.

Vendors along 125th Street near Lenox Avenue, a few blocks east from where Whitehead’s Ray Carney owns a furniture store, 1972.Credit...Librado Romero/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of a city street taken from several stories up, so you can see vertical signs that say “APOLLO” and “LOEW’S” at eye level. Cars drive in the street below, and the sidewalk is filled with people.

The Apollo Theater on 125th Street, 1978.Credit...John Sotomayor/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of four men seated around a table on a sidewalk, playing cards and smoking. Two other men stand nearby.

A group of men play cards near the corner of Morningside Avenue and 126th Street, a block from Carney’s store.Credit...Tyrone Dukes/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of several men standing around in a packed store selling shoes and clothes. A ladder leans against one wall, covered in shoeboxes.

A busy store on 125th Street, 1975.Credit...Meyer Liebowitz/The New York Times

Image

A black-and-white photo of a uniformed police officer holding a pad of paper and standing in front of a sedan parked next to a larger truck.

A police officer writing a ticket for a car double-parked on 125th between Seventh and Eighth, 1974.Credit...Don Hogan Charles/The New York Times

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